SEWN CATTAIL MATS
HARVESTED CATTAILS DRYING IN THE PARTIAL SUN
The Native Americans of the Northeast Forests used a variety of plant materials for textiles. Sewn cattail mats were often used as exterior coverings of wigwams. Most full-size sewn cattail mats measured five to six feet wide and 10 feet long. It would take half a dozen or more mats to cover a wigwam.
1. After gathering and preparing the cattails in late summer,
remove and discard the brittle tip and the thick very end. Sort
the cattails into bundles consisting of four leaves. The desired
width of the mat determines the length of cattail leaves used.
2. Find two fixed points (like two poles stuck in the ground,
or two furniture legs). These points should be slightly farther
apart than the length of the mat. Cut a 'stabilizing' string
that you can tie to each of the fixed points. Using two round
sturdy cattail center stalks. Tie either end of the 'stabilizing'
string to the end of a center stalk (the desired width of the
mat determines where to tie the stalks with the string).
Beneath the 'stabilizing' string, use clove hitch knot to
fasten a double-length (or longer) string that will be used to
twine around bundles of cattail leaves.
3. In each bundle of cattail leaves, use four individual leaves.
Arrange the four leaves into a bundle of two pairs, with the
curved-out side of the leaves in each pairs facing to the outside
of the mat. Fold a leaf bundle around the 'stabilizing' string.
First fold two leaves over the string in one direction; the other
two leaves in the opposite direction (alternating the thick and
thin ends of the leaves for even thickness down the width of the
mat).
4. Twine (i.e. twist) the two strings around each folded over
leaf bundle. Each end of the doubled string passes around the
cattail bundles in an under-over pattern. One end of the string
will pass over the leaf bundle, while the other end of the string
passes under the leaf bundle. With the next inserted leaf bundle,
twist the two ends of the string so that the end that went over
now goes under the leaf bundle, and the end that went under now
goes over. When the full width of the mat has been twined, tie
the two ends of the string together around the sturdy stalk.
5. The mats are 'double-matted', that is the mats are stitched
through from both sides of the mat. From the first side of the
mat, sew through the flat width of two leaves (of the four in
each bundle), from one edge of the mat to the other. Then turn
the mat over to the second side and sew back through the remaining
two leaves in each bundle. Now repeat subsequent rows of stitching
in the same manner. Rows of stitching should be 4 to 6 inches
apart.
6. After all the rows are stitched, the rough edge of mat can
be finished like the top with twining around each folded-over
leaf bundle.
7. The folded-over ends can also be trimmed even with each other
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© 1994 - Tara Prindle unless otherwise cited. |